Bipul Mohanto

Bipul Mohanto

Doctoral Researcher@ Foveated Rendering | 3D Graphics Rendering| Global Illumination | Multi-View Rendering | Applied Human Perception | Color Science | Computer Vision

Popular Global Illumination Offline and Real-Time Engines

less than 1 minute read

Published:

Real-Time Ray-Tracing-Based Engines

  • G3D (no updated for long): path tracing
  • lighthouse2 (no updated for long): path tracing
  1. Pixar RenderMan
  2. V-Ray
  3. Cycles-Blender, with Blender, use OptiX backend
  4. Autodesk Arnold, OptiX in backend
  5. The G3D Innovation Engine, OptiX backend
  6. NVidia IRay, OptiX backend
  7. Luxrender, OptiX back end
  8. Houdini, OptiX backend
  9. openmoonray, Embree

For Research

  1. Mitsuba 3 Physically Based Renderer
  2. Both the pbrt-v3 and pbrt-v4 excellent offline global illumination renderer, frequently being used for proof of concept

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tauray

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At the time of writing this (October, 2025), there are limited publicly available rendering engine that works for real-time stereo path tracing. The slow convergence with pixel dense display in VR is limiting real-time stereo path tracer. However, with the RT-core and GPU architecture improvements, I am noticing the recent trend of physically accurate light simulation in real-time rendering, e.g., games. Therefore, definitely with time, the real-time stereo path-tracing (and with other advanced global illumination algorithms) would be a real thing once we will overcome frame-rate constraint. Physically-accurate light simulation will minimized the difference between real and virtual world and extend the path of true immersion. Currently, 90 fps has become a golden standard for VR. However, the higher is the better for immersion.

Tamashii Beginner Tutorial

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Published:

Tamashii is an excellent scientific rendering framework under development by the Department of Computer Graphics, TU Wien. Its main goal is to simplify the creation of research applications in the field of computer graphics by providing a fundamental structure in the form of libraries implementing resource loading, input handling, user interface creation, a complete rendering framework, and graphics API abstraction. The backend graphics API is Vulkan. However, Tamashii only supports single display systems, and \textbf{has not been modified for VR.}

Popular 3D Graphics APIs

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High-level API

The OpenGL sometimes considered as a high level graphics API. It is always the starting point for beginners. However, the applications are limited to the industry. Moreover, compare to other widely used APIs, e.g., Vulkan, DirectX, it is sometimes considered as a high level API. This level is referred to the graphics hardware and memory control.